Hacia un enfoque espacial multidimensional para analizar los cambios geográficos en la sostenibilidad de la pesca: un estudio de caso en el Campo de Cartagena-Mar Menor
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Para avanzar hacia un análisis más efectivo del desarrollo sostenible que permita cumplir los objetivos de la Agenda 2030, se requiere de nuevas herramientas de evaluación para comprender mejor la variación espacial en los factores que contribuyen a su principal meta: mejorar y conservar el bienestar humano. En esta investigación tomamos dos comunidades de pescadores situadas en el litoral del Campo de Cartagena-Mar Menor (Región de Murcia, sureste español) como caso de estudio. Para comprender como el desarrollo sostenible puede promover efectivamente el bienestar, utilizamos un enfoque espacial multidimensional que estudia el cambio social y ambiental, y que puede aportar información valiosa para los procesos de toma de decisiones. Para avanzar en este objetivo, se crearon dos índices multi-dimensionales que permiten analizar espacialmente el estado de las comunidades de pescadores basados en los marcos de los medios de vida sostenibles y del bienestar social. Los resultados indican que existe una considerable variabilidad espacial en los factores que afectan al bienestar de los pescadores en la región estudiada, así como en el impacto de la política de pesca en la protección y seguridad de sus medios de vida. Estos hallazgos indican la necesidad de evaluar el desarrollo sostenible de la pesca en términos de bienestar a niveles apropiados de agregación espacial.
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