Factores de crecimiento económico en los países en desarrollo: el papel de las TICs
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El objetivo del trabajo es identificar factores favorecedores del crecimiento del PIB/CÁPITA de los países en desarrollo mediante las variables más influyentes en el crecimiento de dichos países según la literatura científica. Se analizó si el impacto de las TIC en el crecimiento del PIB/CAPITA está condicionado por la interacción de las variables TIC con otros factores. Después, se ejecutó un análisis factorial sobre una muestra de 90 países y más tarde, se efectuó un análisis clúster para determinar los grupos de países que tenían un patrón específico, según los factores. Al final se realizó un análisis de regresión para estimar el impacto de cada uno de los factores sobre el PIB/CÁPITA de los países. En los resultados se constató la validez de la selección de las variables y de los factores, gracias al estudio empírico. La influencia del factor TIC se maximiza cuando éste tiene interacción con otros factores (financiación, tamaño del mercado extranjero de un país, formación de proveedores locales, etc.) La globalización contribuye menos al crecimiento debido a que los países en desarrollo generalmente se introducen en la fase de exportación pero no disponen de condiciones para acometer la etapa de creación de plantas/sucursales en países extranjeros.
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