Strategic analysis of a Tourism Stakeholder Network: a comparative study in Ecuadorian cities
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The analysis of actor networks in tourist destinations has grown in importance in the scientific literature. In this article, the application of the SNA (Social Network Analysis) network methodology in four cities of Ecuador, allows us to know the structure of their relationships and strengths through a set of indicators such as density and centrality, the latter focused from its degree of entry (outdegree), i.e. the number of direct relationships that the actors claim to have, and its degree of exit (indegree), in other words, the number of times that an actor is mentioned by another actor. The results of this study show that each city has different dynamics both in relation to its level of participation and in terms of relationships in the network; actors from the public sector and the different unions and associations stand out, while actors who do not have these strengths are at a lower level.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Albrecht, J.N. (2013). Networking for sustainable tourism –towards a research agenda. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, (21), 639-657. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2012.721788
Asero, V., Gozzo, S., & Tomaselli, V. (2016). Building tourism networks through tourist mobility. Journal of Travel Research, (55), 751-763. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0047287515569777
Baggio, R. (2006). Complex systems, information technologies and tourism: a network point of view. Information Technology and Tourism, (8), 15-29. https://doi.org/10.3727/109830506778193850
Baggio, R. (2007). The web graph of a tourism system. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, (379), 727-734.
Baggio, R., Scott, N., & Wang, Z. (2007). What network analysis of the WWW can tell us about the organisation of tourism destinations. In Proceedings of the CAUTHE Sydney. February 11-14. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.107.1612
Baggio, R., Scott, N., & Cooper, C. (2010). Network science: A review focused on tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, (37), 802-827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2010.02.008
Baggio, R., & Cooper, C. (2010). Knowledge transfer in a tourism destination: the effects of a network structure. The Service Industries Journal, 30(10), 1757-1771, https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060903580649
Baggio, R. (2013). Studying complex tourism systems: a novel approach based on networks derived from a time series. In XIV April International Academic Conference on Economic and Social Development. Moscow, April 2-5. arXiv preprint arXiv:1302.5909. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1302.5909
Baggio, R., & Sainaghi, R. (2016). Mapping time series into networks as a tool to assess the complex dynamics of tourism systems. Tourism Management, (54), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.10.008
Baggio, R. (2020). Tourism destinations: A universality conjecture based on network science. Annals of Tourism Research, (82), 102929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102929
Bras, J.M., Costa, C., & Buhalis, D. (2010). Network analysis and wine routes: the case of the Bairrada Wine Route. The Service Industries Journal, (30), 1621-1641. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060903580706
Cohen, E., & Cohen, S.A. (2012). Current sociological theories and issues in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, (39), 2177-2202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.07.009
Cooper, Ch., Scott, N., & Baggio, R. (2009). Network Position and Perceptions of Destination Stakeholder Importance. Anatolia, (20), 33-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2009.10518893
Da Fontoura Costa, L., & Baggio, R. (2009). The web of connections between tourism companies: Structure and dynamics. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, (388), 4286-4296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2009.06.034
Erkus-Öztürk, H., & Eraydin, A. (2010). Environmental governance for sustainable tourism development: Collaborative Networks and organization building in the Antalya tourism region. Tourism Management, (31), 113-124.
Farsani, N.T., Coelho, C.O.A., & Costa, M.M. (2014). Analysis of Network Activities in Geoparks as Geotourism Destinations. International Journal of Travel Research, (16), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.1879
Gallegos, N.A., González, E.G.M., & Ávila, J.A. (2017). Análisis de redes sociales: Conceptos clave y cálculo de indicadores. Chapingo, México: Universidad Autónoma Chapingo (UACh), Centro de Investigaciones Económicas, Sociales y Tecnológicas de la Agroindustria y la Agricultura Mundial (CIESTAAM). Serie: Met.
García‐Andreu, H., Ortiz, G., & Aledo, A. (2015). Causal maps and indirect influences analysis in the diagnosis of Second‐Home tourism impacts. International Journal of Tourism Research, (17), 501-510. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2017
Ibáñez, R., & Villa, C.C. (2011). Teoría general del turismo: un enfoque global y nacional. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur. Academia Mexicana de Investigación Turística
Kimbu, A.N., & Ngoasong, M.Z. (2013). Centralized decentralization of tourism development: A network perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, (40), 235-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.09.005
Ledesma González, O., Merinero‐Rodríguez, R., & Pulido‐Fernández, J.I. (2021). Tourist destination development and social network analysis: What does degree centrality contribute? International Journal of Tourism Research, (23), 652-666. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2432
McKercher, B. (1999). A chaos approach to tourism. Tourism management, (20), 425-434. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00008-4
Merinero, R., & González, O.L. (2019). Analizando la gobernanza urbana mediante la aplicación del análisis de redes sociales (ARS): el caso del Segundo Plan Estratégico de Málaga. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, (80). https://doi.org/10.21138/bage.2593
Merinero-Rodríguez, R. (2011). Redes de actores y desarrollo turístico: estudio de casos en Portugal. Journal of Tourism Analysis=Revista de Análisis Turístico, (11), 9-21.
Merinero, R. (2015). La agenda de investigación del turismo mediante el análisis cuantitativo de redes sociales (QSNA). Cuadernos de Turismo, (36), 269-294. https://doi.org/10.6018/turismo.36.230991.
Merinero, R., & Pulido, J.I. (2009). Desarrollo turístico y dinámica relacional. Metodología de análisis para la gestión activa de destinos turísticos. Cuadernos de Turismo, (23), 173-193
Merinero-Rodríguez, R., & Pulido-Fernández, J.I. (2016). Analysing relationships in tourism: A review. Tourism Management, (54), 122-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.10.010.
Osorio, Maribel (2000). Nuevos Caminos para el Estudio del Turismo desde la Teoría de Sistemas. Convergencia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, (7). https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/105/10502309.pdf
Pulido-Fernández, J.I., & Merinero-Rodríguez, R. (2018). Destinations' relational dynamic and tourism development. Journal of destination marketing & management, (7), 140-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2016.09.008
Valiente, G.C., & Forga, J.M.P. (2012). Las asociaciones como eje vertebrador del desarrollo del turismo industrial: la red XATIC y el turismo industrial en Cataluña. Journal of Tourism Analysis: Revista Análisis Turístico (JTA), (13), 49-56.
Von Bertalanffy, L. (1972). The history and status of general systems theory. Academy of management journal, (15), 407-426. https://doi.org/10.5465/255139