Perceptions of touristification according to place of residence in the destination: the case of Malaga
Main Article Content
Abstract
A novel research is carried out on the relationships between tourism governance, touristification and the perception of the impacts generated in a consolidated urban destination such as Malaga. It proposes a measure of touristification and its impacts in terms of the spatial distribution of residents. To this end, 450 residents of the municipality were surveyed and 15 semi-structured interviews were conducted. Factor analysis and qualitative content analysis were applied. The results show the link between governance and touristification and how this affects perceptions of economic, social and environmental impacts and place identity. In particular, place of residence (centre/periphery) influences perceptions related to touristification.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Almeida F., Balbuena, A., & Cortés, R. (2015). Resident's attitudes towards the impacts of tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 13, 33-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2014.11.002
Almeida F., Peláez, M.Á., Balbuena, A., & Cortés, R. (2016). Residents' perceptions of tourism development in Benalmádena (Spain). Tourism Management, 54, 259-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.11.007
Almeida, F., Cortés, R., & Balbuena, A. (2019). Tourism-phobia in historic centres: the case of Malaga. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, (83). https://dx.doi.org/10.21138/bage.2823
Almeida, F., Cortés, R., & Parzych, K. (2021). Tourism impacts, tourism-phobia and gentrification in historic centers: The cases of Málaga (Spain) and Gdansk (Poland). Sustainability, 13(1), 408. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010408
Altman & S. M. Low (1992.). Human behavior and environment. New York.
Andereck, K.L., & Vogt, C.A. (2000). The relationship between residents’ attitudes toward tourism and tourism development options. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 27-36. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728750003900104
Andereck, K.L., Valentine, K.M., Knopf, R.C., & Vogt, C.A. (2005). Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1056-1076. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728751036291
Andereck, K., & Nyaupane, G. (2011). Exploring the nature of tourism and quality of life perceptions among residents. Journal of Travel Research, 50(3), 248-260. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728751036291
Ardura, A., Lorente, I., & Sorando, D. (2021). Vivir en la incertidumbre: burbuja de alquiler y olas de gentrificación entre crisis en Madrid. Revista INVI, 36(101), 56-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-83582021000100056
Baggio, R., Scott, N., & Cooper, C. (2010). Improving tourism destination governance: a complexity science approach. Tourism Review, 65(4), 51-60. https://doi.org/10.1108/16605371011093863
Barrero, M., & Jover, J. (2021). Paisajes de la turistificación: una aproximación metodológica a través del caso de Sevilla. Cuadernos geográficos, 60(1), 13-34. https://doi.org/10.30827/cuadgeo.v60i1.13599
Beaumont, N., & Dredge, D. (2010). Local tourism governance: A comparison of three network approaches. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(1), 7-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580903215139
Bichler, B.F. (2021). Designing tourism governance: The role of local residents. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.100389
Blanco, A., Blázquez, M., & Mínguez, C. (2017). Claves de la reestructuración turística de la ciudad. En Naturaleza, territorio y ciudad en un mundo global (pp. 1516-1524). Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles.
Blanco-Romero, A., Blázquez-Salom, M., & Cànoves, G. (2018). Barcelona, housing rent bubble in a tourist city. Social responses and local policies. Sustainability, 10(6), 2043. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10062043
Blanco-Romero, A., Blázquez Salom, M., Morell, M., & Fletcher, R. (2019). Not tourism-phobia but urban-philia: Understanding stakeholders’ perceptions of urban touristification. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, (83). https://doi.org/10.21138/bage.2834
Bott, S., Cantrill, J.G., & Myers Jr, O.E. (2003). Place and the promise of conservation psychology. Human Ecology Review, 100-112. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24706959
Bujosa, A., & Rosselló J. (2007). Modelling environmental attitudes toward tourism. Tourism Management, 28, 688-695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.04.004
Bramwell, B., & Lane, B. (2011). Critical research on the governance of tourism and sustainability. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(4-5), 411-421. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.580586
Butler, R.W. (2020). Tourism carrying capacity research: a perspective article. Tourism Review, 75(1), 207-211. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-05-2019-0194
Calle, M. de la (2019). Turistificación de centros urbanos: clarificando el debate. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, (83), 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.21138/bage.2829
Capocchi, A., Vallone, C., Pierotti, M., & Amaduzzi, A. (2019). Overtourism: A literature review to assess implications and future perspectives. Sustainability, 11(12), 3303. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11123303
Cocola-Gant, A. (2018). Tourism gentrification. In Handbook of gentrification studies (pp. 281-293). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Cocola-Gant, A. (2023). Place-based displacement: Touristification and neighborhood change. Geoforum, 138, 103665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2022.103665
Coll-Ramis, M.À., Almeida-García, F., Cortés-Macías, R., & Hosseini, S. (2023). Touristification Process in Seaside Destination Inland: The Case of Mallorca Island, Spain. In Urban Dynamics in the Post-pandemic Period: Tourist Spaces and Urban Centres (pp. 201-212). Springer International Publishing.
Detotto, C., Giannoni, S., & Goavec, C. (2021). Does good governance attract tourists? Tourism Management, 82, 104155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104155
Díaz-Parra, I., & Jover, J. (2018). Enclaves urbanos de éxito. Transformación urbanística, gentrificación y turismo en la Alameda de Hércules de Sevilla. In J. Gasca-Zamora (Ed.), Capital inmobiliario. Producción y transgresión del espacio social en la ciudad neoliberal (pp. 337-357). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Diaz-Parra, I., & Jover, J. (2021). Overtourism, place alienation and the right to the city: Insights from the historic centre of Seville, Spain. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(2-3), 158-175. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1717504
Dimitrovski, D., Crespi‐Vallbona, M., & Ioannides, D. (2022). How do locals perceive the touristification of their food market? The case of Barcelona's La Boqueria. International Journal of Tourism Research, 24(1), 93-106. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2486
Dyer, P., Gursoy, D., Sharma, B., & Carter, J. (2007). Structural modeling of resident perceptions of tourism and associated development on the Sunshine Coast, Australia. Tourism Management, 28(2), 409-422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.04.002
Exceltur (2023). Urbantur 2022. Monitor de competitividad turística de los destinos urbanos españoles. https://www.exctur.org/urbantur
Gajdosik, T., Gajdosikova, Z., & Strazanova, R. (2018). Residents’ perception of sustainable tourism destination development: A destination governance issue. Global Business & Finance Review (GBFR), 23(1), 24-35. https://doi.org/10.17549/gbfr.2018.23.1.24
Gajdošík, T., & Valeri, M. (2022). Complexity of Tourism Destination Governance: A Smart Network Approach. In New Governance and Management in Touristic Destinations (pp. 119-132). IGI Global.
García Bujalance, S., Barrera-Fernández, D., & Scalici, M. (2019). Touristification in historic cities. Reflections on Malaga. Revista de Turismo Contemporâneo, 7(1), 93-115. https://doi.org/10.21680/2357-8211.2019v7n1ID16169
González-Pérez, J.M. (2020). The dispute over tourist cities. Tourism gentrification in the historic Centre of Palma (Majorca, Spain). Tourism Geographies, 22(1), 171-191. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2019.1586986
Gormsen, E. (1981). The Spatio-Temporal Development of International Tourism Attempt at a Central Periphery Model. In La Consommation d’espace par le tourisme et sa préservation: actes du Colloque d’Aix-en-Provence, 6-11 sep. 1981, UGI: Aix-en-Provence, pp. 150-170.
Goodwin, H. (2021). City destinations, overtourism and governance. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 7(4), 916-921. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-02-2021-0024
Gravari-Barbas, M., & Jacquot, S. (2019). Mechanisms, actors and impacts of the touristification of a tourism periphery: the Saint-Ouen flea market, Paris. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 5(3), 370-391. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-11-2018-0093
Gursoy, D., & Rutherford, D.G. (2004). Host attitudes toward tourism: An improved structural model. Annals of Tourism Research, 31, 495-516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.08.008
Guttentag, D. (2019). Progress on Airbnb: a literature review. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 10(4), 814-844. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-08-2018-0075
Hernández, B., Hidalgo, M.C., & Ruíz, C. (2013). Theoretical and methodological aspects of research on place attachment, In L.C Manzo & P. Devine-Wright (Eds.), Place attachment. Advances in theory, methods and applications. Routledge.
Hernández Pezzi, C. (2018). Turismo: ¿truco o trato? Políticas públicas y urbanas para el turismo de masas. Los Libros de la Catarata.
Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) (2010-2022). Hoteles: Encuesta de ocupación, índice de precios e indicadores de rentabilidad. INE. https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/es/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736177015&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254735576863
Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) (2023). Vivienda turística sobre el total de vivienda, Estadística experimental. Medición del número de viviendas turísticas en España y su capacidad. INE. https://www.ine.es/experimental/viv_turistica/experimental_viv_turistica.htm
Idealista (2022, November 2). Evolución del precio de la Vivienda en alquiler y compra en Málaga. https://www.idealista.com/sala-de-prensa/informes-precio-vivienda/alquiler/andalucia/malaga-provincia/malaga/
Inside Airbnb (2022, November 2). Data by cities. Malaga, Airbnb, http://insideairbnb.com/malaga/
Instituto Nacional de Estadística (2022). Encuesta de ocupación hotelera. INE.
Instituto Nacional de Estadística (2021). Cifras oficiales de población de los municipios españoles: Revisión del Padrón Municipal. INE.
Joppe, M. (2019). The roles of policy, planning and governance in preventing and managing overtourism. Chapter 17. In Overtourism (pp. 250-261). https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110607369-017
Katahenggam, N., & Wee, V. (2020). Contextualizing the issue of touristification in Asia. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 6(4), 999-1013. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-01-2020-0016
Ko, D.W., & Stewart, W.P. (2002). A structural equation model of residents’ attitudes for tourism development. Tourism Management, 23, 521-530. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00006-7
Koens, K., Postma, A., & Papp, B. (2018). Is overtourism overused? Understanding the impact of tourism in a city context. Sustainability, 10(12), 4384. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124384
López, F., Vera, J.F., Torres, A., & Ivars, J.A. (2022). El turismo, ¿fin de época? Desafíos de España como destino turístico en un nuevo escenario. Universitat de Valencia.
Lorenzen, M. (2021). Rural gentrification, touristification, and displacement: Analysing evidence from Mexico. Journal of Rural Studies, 86, 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.05.015
Liu, J.C., & Var, T. (1986). Resident attitudes toward tourism impacts in Hawaii. Annals of Tourism Research, 13(2), 193-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(86)90037-X
Liu, Y., & Cheng, J. (2016). Place identity: How tourism changes our destination. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 8(2), 76-85. https://doi.org/10.5539/IJPS.V8N2P76
Maitland, R. (2019). Extending the frontiers of city tourism: Suburbs and the real London. In Destination London: The Expansion of the Visitor Economy (pp. 15-35). University of Westminster Press.
Masiero, L., & Hrankai, R. (2022). Modeling tourist accessibility to peripheral attractions. Annals of Tourism Research, 92, 103343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2021.103343
Mihalic, T. (2020). Conceptualising overtourism: a sustainability approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 84, 103025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103025
Mihalic, T., & Kuscer, K. (2022). Can overtourism be managed? Destination management factor affecting residents’ irritation and quality of life. Tourism Review, 77(1), 16-34. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-04-2020-0186
Milano, C., & Mansilla, J.A. (Eds.) (2018). Ciudad de Vacaciones. Conflictos urbanos en espacios turísticos. Pol·len Ediciones.
Milano, C., Novelli, M., & Cheer, J.M. (2019). Overtourism and tourismphobia: A journey through four decades of tourism development, planning and local concerns. Tourism Planning & Development, 16(4), 353-357. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2019.1599604
Milano, C., González-Reverté, F., & Benet, A. (2022). The social construction of touristification. Residents’ perspectives on mobilities and moorings. Tourism Geographies, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2022.2150785
Mínguez, C., Piñeira, M. J., & Fernández-Tabales, A. (2019). Social vulnerability and touristification of historic centers. Sustainability, 11(16), 4478. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164478
Navarro, E., Tejada, M., Almeida, F., Cabello, J., Cortés, R., Delgado, J., & Solís, F. (2012). Carrying capacity assessment for tourist destinations. Methodology for the creation of synthetic indicators applied in a coastal area. Tourism Management, 33(6), 1337-1346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.12.017
Navarro, E., Thiel, D., & Romero, Y. (2015). Periferias del placer: cuando turismo se convierte en desarrollismo inmobiliario-turístico. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, (67), 275-302. https://doi.org/10.21138/bage.1826
Neuts, B., & Nijkamp, P. (2012). Tourist crowding perception and acceptability in cities: An applied modelling study on Bruges. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(4), 2133-2153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.07.016
Novy, J., & Colomb, C. (2021). Urban tourism as a source of contention and social mobilisations: A critical review. In Travel and tourism in the age of overtourism (pp. 6-23). Routledge.
Nunkoo, R., & Gursoy, D. (2012). Residents’ support for tourism: An identity perspective. Annals of tourism Research, 39(1), 243-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.05.006
Nunkoo, R. (2015). Tourism development and trust in local government. Tourism Management, 46, 623-634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.08.016
Ojeda, A.B., & Kieffer, M. (2020). Touristification. Empty concept or element of analysis in tourism geography? Geoforum, 115, 143-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2020.06.021
Parralejo, J.J., & Díaz-Parra, I. (2021). Gentrification and touristification in the central urban areas of Seville and Cádiz. Urban Science, 5(2), 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci5020040
Picó, V., Sánchez, D., & Coll, M.À. (2022). Políticas públicas y overtourism en destinos urbanos: Un análisis comparado entre Barcelona y Palma. Cuadernos de Turismo, (49), 189-207. https://doi.org/10.6018/turismo.521871
Porfido, E., Tomàs, M., & Marull, J. (2023). A new urban diagnostics approach for measuring touristification: The case of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona. Journal of Urban Management. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2023.03.003
Postma, A., & Schmuecker, D. (2017). Understanding and overcoming negative impacts of tourism in city destinations: conceptual model and strategic framework. Journal of Tourism Futures, 3(2), 144-156. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-04-2017-0022
Rasekhi, S., Karimi, S., & Mohammadi, S. (2016). Environmental Impacts of Tourism A Case Study of Selected Developing and Developed Countries. Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 5(16), 71-94. https://web.archive.org/web/20180421075647id_/http://tourismpd.journals.umz.ac.ir/article_1233_0510509672ecc93eeb2d3bee1d1aadbc.pdf#page=28
Registro de Turismo de Andalucía (RTA) (2023). Registro de Turismo de Andalucía. Junta de Andalucía. https://www.juntadeandalucia.es/organismos/turismoculturaydeporte/areas/turismo/registro-turismo/buscador-establecimientos-servicios-turisticos.html
Ribeiro, M.A., Pinto, P., Silva, J.A., &, Woosnam, K.M. (2017). Residents’ attitudes and the adoption of pro-tourism behaviours: The case of developing island countries. Tourism Management, 61, 523-537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.03.004
Rivera, M., Croes, R., & Lee, S.H. (2016). Tourism development and happiness: A residents’ perspective. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 5(1), 5-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2015.04.002
Rizal, A., Apriliani, I.M., & Permana, R. (2020). Sustainability assessment of coastal development in southern region of West Java province, Indonesia. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 30, 808-817. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.302spl05-509
Sequera, J., & Nofre, J. (2018). Shaken, not stirred: New debates on touristification and the limits of gentrification. City, 22(5-6), 843-855. https://doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2018.1548819
Sharpley, R. (2020). Tourism, sustainable development and the theoretical divide: 20 years on. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(11), 1932-1946. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1779732
Stedman, R., Beckley, T., Wallace, S., & Ambard, M. (2004). A picture and 1000 words: Using resident-employed photography to understand attachment to high amenity places. Journal of Leisure Research, 36(4), 580-606. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2004.11950037
Stets, J.E., & Biga, C.F. (2003). Bringing identity theory into environmental sociology. Sociological Theory, 21, 398-423. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-9558.2003.00196.x
Stylidis, D., Biran, A., Sit, J., & Szivas, E.M. (2014). Residents' support for tourism development: The role of residents' place image and perceived tourism impacts. Tourism Management, 45, 260-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.05.006
Stylidis, D. (2018). Place attachment, perception of place and residents’ support for tourism development. Tourism Planning & Development, 15(2), 188-210. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2017.1318775
Tabachnick, B., & Fidell, L. (2006). Using Multivariate Statistics. Pearson.
Vanclay, F. (2004). The triple bottom line and impact assessment: how do TBL, EIA, SIA, SEA and EMS relate to each other? Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, 6(03), 265-288. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1464333204001729
Wall, G., & Mathieson, A. (2006). Tourism: change, impacts, and opportunities. Pearson Education.
Wall, G. (2019). Perspectives on the environment and overtourism. In Overtourism: Issues, realities and solutions (pp. 27-43). https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110607369-003
Wang, S., Zhou, L., Lee, S., & King, C. (2014). Analysis of residents’ social identity, tourism engagement, and propensity for tourism advocacy. In Advances in Hospitality and Leisure. Emerald Group Publishing.
Woo, E., Kim, H., & Kim, Y.G. (2022). Touristification phenomenon and support for tourism development. Anatolia, 33(1), 65-78. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2021.1906287
Yrigoy, I. (2017). Airbnb en Menorca: ¿Una nueva forma de gentrificación turística? Localización de la vivienda turística, agentes e impactos sobre el alquiler residencial. Scripta Nova, 21. https://doi.org/10.1344/sn2017.21.18573
Zhang, H., & Zhu, M. (2014). Tourism destination governance: A review and research agenda. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 4(2), 125. http://www.ijeeee.org/Papers/315-C048.pdf